Complete Travel Guide to Colombier-Fontaine, France

Colombier-Fontaine Colombes is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France, 10.6 km (6.6 mi) from the centre of Paris. In 2019, Colombes was the 53rd largest city in France. Positioned at coordinates 47.45224°N, 6.6901°E, Colombier-Fontaine occupies a geographically significant location that has influenced its historical development and contemporary importance. The precise geographic coordinates of Colombier-Fontaine place it within a region characterized by diverse landscapes and strategic transportation routes that have shaped settlement patterns for centuries. At an elevation of 23.0 meters above sea level, Colombier-Fontaine benefits from unique topographic advantages that influence local climate, agriculture, and scenic beauty. The elevation of Colombier-Fontaine creates distinctive environmental conditions that support specific ecosystems and agricultural practices while providing panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. Home to 90692 residents, Colombier-Fontaine maintains a community scale that balances urban amenities with traditional social structures and cultural continuity. The population of Colombier-Fontaine represents a diverse community that has adapted to changing circumstances while preserving essential cultural traditions and local knowledge. Community life in Colombier-Fontaine reflects the resilience and adaptability that characterize populations throughout France, demonstrating successful integration of traditional values with contemporary opportunities. Within the broader context of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté province, Colombier-Fontaine contributes to the cultural and economic diversity that defines France's regional character. The role of Colombier-Fontaine in regional development extends beyond its municipal boundaries, encompassing influences on transportation networks, economic activities, and cultural preservation efforts. Visitors to Colombier-Fontaine discover a destination that embodies the authentic character of France while offering unique local perspectives and experiences unavailable in more commercialized locations.

Historical Heritage of Colombier-Fontaine

History During the repression of January and February 1894, the police conducted raids targeting the anarchists living there, without much success On 13 March 1896, 17% of the territory of Colombes was detached and became the commune of Bois-Colombes (lit.

'Colombes Woods') On 2 May 1910, 19% of the (reduced) territory of Colombes was detached and became the commune of La Garenne-Colombes Thus, the commune of Colombes is now only two-thirds the size of its territory before 1896 The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Colombes proper, in its geography at the given years.

The Hôtel de Ville was completed in 1923 #Population Historical populationYearPop 1793 1,863— 1800 2,430+3 87% 1806 1,627−6 47% 1821 1,584−0 18% 1831 1,643+0 37% 1836 1,557−1 07% 1841 1,548−0 12% 1846 1,658+1 38% 1851 1,649−0 11% 1856 1,906+2 94% 1861 2,805+8.

03% 1866 3,678+5 57% 1872 5,133+5 71% 1876 6,640+6 65% 1881 9,877+8 27% 1886 14,254+7 61% 1891 18,918+5 82% 1896 16,798−2 54% 1906 29,143+4 79% 1911 22,862−4 74% 1921 32,271+3 51% 1926 42,590+5 71% 1931 57,313+6 12% 1936 61,944+1 57% 1946 61,047−0 15% 1954 67,909+1.

34% 1962 76,918+1 57% 1968 80,357+0 73% 1975 83,390+0 53% 1982 78,777−0 81% 1990 78,513−0 04% 1999 76,757−0 25% 2007 82,552+0 91% 2012 85,357+0 67% 2017 85,177−0 04% This graph was using the legacy Graph extension, which is no longer supported It needs to be converted to the new Chart extension.

Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) 1 "Les anarchistes" [The anarchists] "Deux mille perquisitions" _L'Estafette_ : 2 "Une série générale de perquisitions : résultat négatif des recherches" [A general series of raids: negative results] Base Mérimée: IA00079345, Ministère français de la Culture.

_Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui_ : Commune data sheet Colombes, EHESS (in French) Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE *[lit ]: literal translation *[Pop ]: Population *[±% p ]: Per annum growth rate.

The historical trajectory of Colombier-Fontaine demonstrates the complex interplay between local agency and external influences that has characterized regional development throughout successive historical periods. Understanding this historical context provides essential background for appreciating the depth and authenticity of contemporary cultural expressions.

Historical preservation efforts in Colombier-Fontaine reflect community commitment to maintaining connections with ancestral heritage while adapting to contemporary circumstances. These preservation activities create opportunities for visitors to experience authentic historical environments and traditional practices.

The legacy of historical development in Colombier-Fontaine remains visible in architectural styles, urban planning patterns, cultural traditions, and social organizations that provide continuity between past and present while supporting future community development.

Geographic Environment and Natural Setting

Geography #Climate Colombes has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification _Cfb_). The average annual temperature in Colombes is 12. The average annual rainfall is 623. 53 in) with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 20. 1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5. The highest temperature ever recorded in Colombes was 40. 6 °F) on 6 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −15. 0 °F) on 17 January 1985. Climate data for Colombes (1981−2010 normals, extremes 1981−2018) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 16. 6) Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7. 7) Daily mean °C (°F) 5. 5) Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2. 1) Record low °C (°F) −15. 0) Average precipitation mm (inches) 49. 53) Average precipitation days (≥ 1. 2 Source: Météo-France 1. "Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1981-2010 et records" (PDF). Retrieved 24 August 2022.

The topographic characteristics of Colombier-Fontaine result from complex geological processes that have created distinctive landscape features supporting diverse ecosystems and human activities. These natural features provide both opportunities and constraints that have influenced settlement patterns and economic development throughout history.

Hydrological systems in the Colombier-Fontaine region play crucial roles in supporting natural ecosystems and human communities through provision of water resources, transportation routes, and agricultural irrigation. Understanding these water systems helps explain historical settlement patterns and contemporary development opportunities.

Soil composition and agricultural potential in the Colombier-Fontaine area reflect the interaction of geological substrate, climatic conditions, and human management practices that have created productive agricultural systems supporting local food security and economic development.

Natural resource availability in Colombier-Fontaine has historically influenced economic activities and settlement patterns while continuing to provide opportunities for sustainable development that balances economic needs with environmental conservation.

The relationship between geographic features and human settlement in Colombier-Fontaine demonstrates sophisticated adaptation strategies that maximize advantages while minimizing risks associated with natural hazards and environmental constraints.

Seasonal variations in the geographic character of Colombier-Fontaine create changing opportunities for agricultural production, outdoor recreation, and transportation that influence the rhythm of community life and economic activities throughout the year.

Climate Patterns and Environmental Conditions

#Climate Colombes has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Colombes is 12. Temperature patterns in Colombier-Fontaine influence agricultural cycles, tourism seasons, and daily life rhythms throughout the year. The average annual rainfall is 623. 53 in) with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 20. Temperature patterns in Colombier-Fontaine influence agricultural cycles, tourism seasons, and daily life rhythms throughout the year. 1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5. The highest temperature ever recorded in Colombes was 40. Temperature patterns in Colombier-Fontaine influence agricultural cycles, tourism seasons, and daily life rhythms throughout the year. 6 °F) on 6 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −15. Temperature patterns in Colombier-Fontaine influence agricultural cycles, tourism seasons, and daily life rhythms throughout the year. 0 °F) on 17 January 1985. Climate data for Colombes (1981−2010 normals, extremes 1981−2018) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 16. 6) Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7. 7) Daily mean °C (°F) 5. 5) Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2. 1) Record low °C (°F) −15. 0) Average precipitation mm (inches) 49. Rainfall patterns in Colombier-Fontaine determine water availability and agricultural productivity, shaping economic activities and settlement patterns. 53) Average precipitation days (≥ 1. Rainfall patterns in Colombier-Fontaine determine water availability and agricultural productivity, shaping economic activities and settlement patterns. 2 Source: Météo-France 1. “Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1981-2010 et records” (PDF). Retrieved 24 August 2022.

The climatic regime of Colombier-Fontaine reflects the complex interaction of geographic location, topographic features, and regional weather patterns that create distinctive seasonal characteristics influencing both natural ecosystems and human activities throughout the year.

Temperature variations in Colombier-Fontaine create distinct seasonal periods that influence agricultural cycles, energy consumption patterns, and outdoor activity opportunities while requiring adaptive strategies for housing, clothing, and food preservation.

Precipitation patterns in Colombier-Fontaine determine water availability for agricultural production, urban consumption, and natural ecosystem maintenance while influencing the timing of traditional festivals and seasonal economic activities.

Seasonal weather patterns in Colombier-Fontaine create varying opportunities for different types of economic activities, recreational pursuits, and cultural celebrations that contribute to the distinctive rhythm of community life throughout the year.

The interaction between climate and human adaptation in Colombier-Fontaine demonstrates sophisticated traditional knowledge systems for managing seasonal variations while taking advantage of favorable conditions for agriculture, construction, and outdoor activities.

Climate considerations for visitors to Colombier-Fontaine include understanding seasonal variations in temperature, precipitation, and daylight hours that influence the availability of different activities and the appropriate preparation for outdoor exploration and cultural participation.

Cultural Heritage and Community Traditions

The cultural landscape of Colombier-Fontaine represents a living repository of traditions, customs, and social practices that have evolved over centuries while maintaining essential characteristics that define community identity and provide continuity between generations.

Social organization in Colombier-Fontaine reflects sophisticated systems for maintaining community cohesion and mutual support that have enabled the population to preserve cultural traditions while adapting to changing economic and political circumstances.

Traditional arts and crafts in Colombier-Fontaine continue to flourish as expressions of cultural identity and sources of economic opportunity, providing visitors with authentic opportunities to observe skilled artisans practicing techniques transmitted through family and community networks.

Religious and spiritual practices in Colombier-Fontaine provide insights into the values and beliefs that guide community decision-making and social interaction while creating frameworks for cultural continuity and adaptation to contemporary circumstances.

Language use and cultural expression in Colombier-Fontaine demonstrate the dynamic relationship between tradition and innovation as communities maintain linguistic heritage while adapting to contemporary communication needs and educational opportunities.

Cultural festivals and community celebrations in Colombier-Fontaine provide opportunities for visitors to experience authentic traditional practices while participating in community life and supporting local cultural preservation efforts.

Economic Activities and Development Patterns

The economic structure of Colombier-Fontaine reflects a complex balance between traditional livelihoods and contemporary opportunities that enables the community to maintain economic stability while preserving cultural values and environmental sustainability.

Traditional economic activities in Colombier-Fontaine often center around sustainable resource management practices that have been refined over generations to maximize productivity while maintaining environmental balance and community welfare.

Local markets and commercial activities in Colombier-Fontaine serve as important centers of community life where economic transactions intersect with social interaction and cultural exchange, providing visitors with opportunities to observe traditional trading practices.

Agricultural production in Colombier-Fontaine demonstrates sophisticated adaptation to local environmental conditions while maintaining traditional crop varieties and farming techniques that support both food security and cultural continuity.

Service sector development in Colombier-Fontaine has evolved to accommodate external economic connections while maintaining authentic community character and traditional approaches to hospitality and customer service.

Economic development opportunities in Colombier-Fontaine focus on sustainable approaches that build upon existing community strengths while creating new opportunities for education, employment, and cultural preservation.

Transportation and Regional Connectivity

Transport Colombes is served by four stations on the Transilien Paris-Saint-Lazare suburban rail line at Colombes, Le Stade, La Garenne-Colombes and Les Vallées.

Transportation infrastructure serving Colombier-Fontaine reflects the balance between accessibility and preservation of community character that characterizes regional development throughout France. Road networks, public transportation options, and traditional travel methods create multiple approaches for reaching and exploring Colombier-Fontaine.

Regional connectivity from Colombier-Fontaine provides access to broader transportation networks while maintaining the authentic character that distinguishes this destination from more commercialized locations. Understanding transportation options helps visitors plan efficient and respectful approaches to exploration.

Educational Institutions and Learning Opportunities

Education The commune has 21 preschools and 19 elementary schools. Secondary schools: * Junior high schools: Robert Paparemborde, Marguerite Duras, Gay Lussac, Moulin Joly, Jean-Baptiste Clément, Lakanal * Senior high schools: Lycée Guy de Maupassant, Lycee Polyvalent Claude Garamont, Lycee Polyvalent Anatole de France 1. “Carte scolaire.” Colombes. Retrieved on 7 September 2016. 2. “Établissements d’enseignement publics sécondaires (collèges)[permanent dead link].” Académie de Versailles. Retrieved on 7 September 2016.

Educational institutions in Colombier-Fontaine serve as important centers of learning and cultural preservation that contribute to community development while maintaining connections to traditional knowledge systems and contemporary educational standards.

Planning Your Visit to Colombier-Fontaine

Successful visits to Colombier-Fontaine require preparation that extends beyond typical travel planning, as this destination rewards visitors who approach it with cultural sensitivity, environmental awareness, and genuine interest in learning from local communities and traditions.

The most meaningful experiences in Colombier-Fontaine often emerge from patient observation, respectful participation in community activities, and willingness to adapt expectations to local customs and environmental conditions rather than imposing external standards or expectations.

Practical considerations for visiting Colombier-Fontaine include understanding seasonal variations in weather and activity availability, respecting local customs and social protocols, and supporting community-based economic activities that contribute to cultural preservation and sustainable development.

The rewards of visiting Colombier-Fontaine extend far beyond the duration of your stay, as the insights gained from experiencing authentic traditional culture often influence perspectives and values long after returning home, providing new understanding of human potential and community cooperation.