Stevenage Travel Guide - Complete United Kingdom Destination Guide

Stevenage Stevenage is a town and borough in Hertfordshire, England, about 28 miles (45Â km) north of London. Stevenage is east of junctions 7 and 8 of the A1(M), between Letchworth Garden City to the north and Welwyn Garden City to the south. In 1946, Stevenage was designated the United Kingdom's first New Town under the New Towns Act. This Stevenage travel guide covers a destination strategically positioned at coordinates 51.90224, -0.20256, home to approximately 89663 residents, covering an area of 25.96 square kilometers, contributing to its distinctive geographic profile and unique appeal as a travel destination within the broader regional context. This comprehensive Stevenage travel guide provides essential information for visitors planning to explore this remarkable destination, covering everything from historical attractions and cultural experiences to practical travel advice and local insights. The fundamental characteristics of Stevenage influence virtually every aspect of the visitor experience, from local climate patterns and seasonal travel considerations to cultural attractions, recreational opportunities, and the overall appeal that makes Stevenage a truly remarkable place to visit, explore, and understand. Whether you're planning a short visit or an extended stay, this Stevenage destination guide offers the comprehensive information needed to make the most of your travel experience.

Stevenage Geography and Natural Environment

The geography and natural environment of Stevenage provide essential context for visitors interested in understanding this destination's appeal and significance. This aspect of Stevenage contributes significantly to the overall travel experience, offering visitors opportunities for exploration, learning, and meaningful engagement with local culture and community life. Understanding these characteristics helps travelers appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a destination that offers both authentic experiences and modern conveniences for visitors seeking memorable and enriching travel experiences.

Geography #Climate Stevenage experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification _Cfb_) similar to almost all of the United Kingdom. Climate data for Stevenage Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7 (45) 8 (46) 11 (52) 13 (55) 17 (63) 19 (66) 22 (72) 23 (73) 19 (66) 14 (57) 10 (50) 7 (45) 14 (57) Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2 (36) 2 (36) 4 (39) 4 (39) 7 (45) 10 (50) 12 (54) 12 (54) 10 (50) 8 (46) 5 (41) 3 (37) 7 (45) Average precipitation mm (inches) 45. 93) Source: #Neighbourhoods Bedwell, Bragbury End, Broadwater, Chells, Chells Manor, Pin Green, Poplars, Old Town, Great Ashby, Shephall and Symonds Green. "Averages for Stevenage". This comprehensive guide to Stevenage provides essential information for travelers, visitors, and researchers interested in exploring this remarkable destination. The detailed information about Stevenage encompasses historical significance, geographical features, cultural attractions, and practical travel advice that makes this destination truly unique within its regional context. Understanding the distinctive characteristics of Stevenage enables both visitors and residents to fully appreciate the complex interplay of factors that contribute to making this community such a noteworthy and distinctive destination, with its own unique blend of historical heritage, cultural traditions, natural features, and modern developments that continue to shape its identity and appeal. This Stevenage travel guide offers comprehensive insights into the community's distinctive character, historical development, and contemporary identity within the broader regional context, providing invaluable information for anyone planning to visit or learn more about this fascinating destination.

The historical development and cultural evolution of Stevenage reflect broader patterns of regional growth, cultural change, and socioeconomic transformation that have occurred over multiple generations. Visitors to Stevenage will discover a rich tapestry of historical influences that continue to shape contemporary community life, from architectural landmarks and cultural institutions to local traditions and community values. The Stevenage travel experience offers unique opportunities to explore these historical connections while enjoying modern amenities and services. Local residents, community leaders, civic organizations, and cultural institutions have consistently worked together to preserve, enhance, and celebrate these important aspects of Stevenage's unique identity and heritage. The ongoing maintenance, development, and thoughtful stewardship of these features demonstrate the community's deep commitment to preserving its distinctive identity while embracing positive change and innovation for future generations, making Stevenage an exceptional destination for cultural tourism and historical exploration.

93) Source: #Neighbourhoods Bedwell, Bragbury End, Broadwater, Chells, Chells Manor, Pin Green, Poplars, Old Town, Great Ashby, Shephall and Symonds Green. "Averages for Stevenage". Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. "Neighbourhoods". The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

"Averages for Stevenage". Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. "Neighbourhoods". _Our Stevenage_. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. "Neighbourhoods". _Our Stevenage_. Retrieved 1 February 2025. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

"Neighbourhoods". _Our Stevenage_. Retrieved 1 February 2025. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

_Our Stevenage_. Retrieved 1 February 2025. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Retrieved 1 February 2025. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The geography and natural environment of Stevenage continue to enhance the visitor experience through ongoing development, community commitment, and dedication to providing authentic and meaningful experiences for travelers. Future initiatives related to these aspects will likely continue to balance preservation of authentic character with enhancement of visitor services and amenities, ensuring that Stevenage remains an attractive and rewarding destination for travelers seeking comprehensive and satisfying travel experiences.

Stevenage Climate and Weather - Best Time to Visit

The climate and weather - best time to visit of Stevenage provide essential context for visitors interested in understanding this destination's appeal and significance. This aspect of Stevenage contributes significantly to the overall travel experience, offering visitors opportunities for exploration, learning, and meaningful engagement with local culture and community life. Understanding these characteristics helps travelers appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a destination that offers both authentic experiences and modern conveniences for visitors seeking memorable and enriching travel experiences.

#Climate Stevenage experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification _Cfb_) similar to almost all of the United Kingdom. Climate data for Stevenage Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7 (45) 8 (46) 11 (52) 13 (55) 17 (63) 19 (66) 22 (72) 23 (73) 19 (66) 14 (57) 10 (50) 7 (45) 14 (57) Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2 (36) 2 (36) 4 (39) 4 (39) 7 (45) 10 (50) 12 (54) 12 (54) 10 (50) 8 (46) 5 (41) 3 (37) 7 (45) Average precipitation mm (inches) 45. 93) Source: 1. "Averages for Stevenage". This comprehensive guide to Stevenage provides essential information for travelers, visitors, and researchers interested in exploring this remarkable destination. The detailed information about Stevenage encompasses historical significance, geographical features, cultural attractions, and practical travel advice that makes this destination truly unique within its regional context. Understanding the distinctive characteristics of Stevenage enables both visitors and residents to fully appreciate the complex interplay of factors that contribute to making this community such a noteworthy and distinctive destination, with its own unique blend of historical heritage, cultural traditions, natural features, and modern developments that continue to shape its identity and appeal. This Stevenage travel guide offers comprehensive insights into the community's distinctive character, historical development, and contemporary identity within the broader regional context, providing invaluable information for anyone planning to visit or learn more about this fascinating destination.

The historical development and cultural evolution of Stevenage reflect broader patterns of regional growth, cultural change, and socioeconomic transformation that have occurred over multiple generations. Visitors to Stevenage will discover a rich tapestry of historical influences that continue to shape contemporary community life, from architectural landmarks and cultural institutions to local traditions and community values. The Stevenage travel experience offers unique opportunities to explore these historical connections while enjoying modern amenities and services. Local residents, community leaders, civic organizations, and cultural institutions have consistently worked together to preserve, enhance, and celebrate these important aspects of Stevenage's unique identity and heritage. The ongoing maintenance, development, and thoughtful stewardship of these features demonstrate the community's deep commitment to preserving its distinctive identity while embracing positive change and innovation for future generations, making Stevenage an exceptional destination for cultural tourism and historical exploration.

93) Source: 1. "Averages for Stevenage". Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

"Averages for Stevenage". Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The climate and weather - best time to visit of Stevenage continue to enhance the visitor experience through ongoing development, community commitment, and dedication to providing authentic and meaningful experiences for travelers. Future initiatives related to these aspects will likely continue to balance preservation of authentic character with enhancement of visitor services and amenities, ensuring that Stevenage remains an attractive and rewarding destination for travelers seeking comprehensive and satisfying travel experiences.

Stevenage History and Cultural Heritage - Historical Attractions

The history and cultural heritage - historical attractions of Stevenage provide essential context for visitors interested in understanding this destination’s appeal and significance. This aspect of Stevenage contributes significantly to the overall travel experience, offering visitors opportunities for exploration, learning, and meaningful engagement with local culture and community life. Understanding these characteristics helps travelers appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a destination that offers both authentic experiences and modern conveniences for visitors seeking memorable and enriching travel experiences.

History #Pre-Conquest Stevenage lies near the line of the Roman road from Verulamium to Baldock. Some Romano-British remains were discovered during the building of the New Town, and a hoard of 2,000 silver Roman coins was discovered during housebuilding in the Chells Manor area in 1986. Other artefacts included a dodecahedron toy, fragments of amphorae for imported wine, bone hairpins, and samian ware pottery associated with high-status families. Archeological excavations have confirmed the existence of a small Roman farmstead, a malting kiln and a Celtic round house in the Chells area, and a cemetery containing 25 cremations. This comprehensive guide to Stevenage provides essential information for travelers, visitors, and researchers interested in exploring this remarkable destination. The detailed information about Stevenage encompasses historical significance, geographical features, cultural attractions, and practical travel advice that makes this destination truly unique within its regional context. Understanding the distinctive characteristics of Stevenage enables both visitors and residents to fully appreciate the complex interplay of factors that contribute to making this community such a noteworthy and distinctive destination, with its own unique blend of historical heritage, cultural traditions, natural features, and modern developments that continue to shape its identity and appeal. This Stevenage travel guide offers comprehensive insights into the community’s distinctive character, historical development, and contemporary identity within the broader regional context, providing invaluable information for anyone planning to visit or learn more about this fascinating destination.

The historical development and cultural evolution of Stevenage reflect broader patterns of regional growth, cultural change, and socioeconomic transformation that have occurred over multiple generations. Visitors to Stevenage will discover a rich tapestry of historical influences that continue to shape contemporary community life, from architectural landmarks and cultural institutions to local traditions and community values. The Stevenage travel experience offers unique opportunities to explore these historical connections while enjoying modern amenities and services. Local residents, community leaders, civic organizations, and cultural institutions have consistently worked together to preserve, enhance, and celebrate these important aspects of Stevenage’s unique identity and heritage. The ongoing maintenance, development, and thoughtful stewardship of these features demonstrate the community’s deep commitment to preserving its distinctive identity while embracing positive change and innovation for future generations, making Stevenage an exceptional destination for cultural tourism and historical exploration.

Other artefacts included a dodecahedron toy, fragments of amphorae for imported wine, bone hairpins, and samian ware pottery associated with high-status families. Archeological excavations have confirmed the existence of a small Roman farmstead, a malting kiln and a Celtic round house in the Chells area, and a cemetery containing 25 cremations. The most substantial evidence of activity from Roman times is Six Hills, six tumuli by the side of the old Great North Road that are presumably the burial places of members of a local family. The first Saxon camp, a little to the east of the Roman sites, was in a clearing in the woods where the church, the manor house and the first village were later built. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Archeological excavations have confirmed the existence of a small Roman farmstead, a malting kiln and a Celtic round house in the Chells area, and a cemetery containing 25 cremations. The most substantial evidence of activity from Roman times is Six Hills, six tumuli by the side of the old Great North Road that are presumably the burial places of members of a local family. The first Saxon camp, a little to the east of the Roman sites, was in a clearing in the woods where the church, the manor house and the first village were later built. Settlements also sprang up in Chells, Broadwater and Shephall. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The most substantial evidence of activity from Roman times is Six Hills, six tumuli by the side of the old Great North Road that are presumably the burial places of members of a local family. The first Saxon camp, a little to the east of the Roman sites, was in a clearing in the woods where the church, the manor house and the first village were later built. Settlements also sprang up in Chells, Broadwater and Shephall. Before the New Town was established, Shephall was a separate parish, and Broadwater was split between the parishes of Shephall and Knebworth. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The first Saxon camp, a little to the east of the Roman sites, was in a clearing in the woods where the church, the manor house and the first village were later built. Settlements also sprang up in Chells, Broadwater and Shephall. Before the New Town was established, Shephall was a separate parish, and Broadwater was split between the parishes of Shephall and Knebworth. During the 9th and 10th centuries AD, the Saxon village in Stevenage faced frequent attacks from Viking raiders. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Settlements also sprang up in Chells, Broadwater and Shephall. Before the New Town was established, Shephall was a separate parish, and Broadwater was split between the parishes of Shephall and Knebworth. During the 9th and 10th centuries AD, the Saxon village in Stevenage faced frequent attacks from Viking raiders. Stevenage was on the border of the Danelaw. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Before the New Town was established, Shephall was a separate parish, and Broadwater was split between the parishes of Shephall and Knebworth. During the 9th and 10th centuries AD, the Saxon village in Stevenage faced frequent attacks from Viking raiders. Stevenage was on the border of the Danelaw. A Viking spearhead was discovered by archaeologists at nearby Ardeley. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The history and cultural heritage - historical attractions of Stevenage continue to enhance the visitor experience through ongoing development, community commitment, and dedication to providing authentic and meaningful experiences for travelers. Future initiatives related to these aspects will likely continue to balance preservation of authentic character with enhancement of visitor services and amenities, ensuring that Stevenage remains an attractive and rewarding destination for travelers seeking comprehensive and satisfying travel experiences.

Stevenage Economy and Local Business - Shopping and Services

The economy and local business - shopping and services of Stevenage provide essential context for visitors interested in understanding this destination’s appeal and significance. This aspect of Stevenage contributes significantly to the overall travel experience, offering visitors opportunities for exploration, learning, and meaningful engagement with local culture and community life. Understanding these characteristics helps travelers appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a destination that offers both authentic experiences and modern conveniences for visitors seeking memorable and enriching travel experiences.

The economy and local business - shopping and services of Stevenage continue to enhance the visitor experience through ongoing development, community commitment, and dedication to providing authentic and meaningful experiences for travelers. Future initiatives related to these aspects will likely continue to balance preservation of authentic character with enhancement of visitor services and amenities, ensuring that Stevenage remains an attractive and rewarding destination for travelers seeking comprehensive and satisfying travel experiences.

Stevenage Demographics and Community Life - Local Culture

The demographics and community life - local culture of Stevenage provide essential context for visitors interested in understanding this destination's appeal and significance. This aspect of Stevenage contributes significantly to the overall travel experience, offering visitors opportunities for exploration, learning, and meaningful engagement with local culture and community life. Understanding these characteristics helps travelers appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a destination that offers both authentic experiences and modern conveniences for visitors seeking memorable and enriching travel experiences.

Demographics The population of Stevenage increased significantly during the 20th century. Little more than a large village at the start of the 19th century, the population in 1801 was 1,430. By 1901, Stevenage opened the 20th century with a population of 4,048. After Stevenage was designated a new town under the New Towns Act of 1946, the population exploded in the 1950s and 1960s. This comprehensive guide to Stevenage provides essential information for travelers, visitors, and researchers interested in exploring this remarkable destination. The detailed information about Stevenage encompasses historical significance, geographical features, cultural attractions, and practical travel advice that makes this destination truly unique within its regional context. Understanding the distinctive characteristics of Stevenage enables both visitors and residents to fully appreciate the complex interplay of factors that contribute to making this community such a noteworthy and distinctive destination, with its own unique blend of historical heritage, cultural traditions, natural features, and modern developments that continue to shape its identity and appeal. This Stevenage travel guide offers comprehensive insights into the community's distinctive character, historical development, and contemporary identity within the broader regional context, providing invaluable information for anyone planning to visit or learn more about this fascinating destination.

The historical development and cultural evolution of Stevenage reflect broader patterns of regional growth, cultural change, and socioeconomic transformation that have occurred over multiple generations. Visitors to Stevenage will discover a rich tapestry of historical influences that continue to shape contemporary community life, from architectural landmarks and cultural institutions to local traditions and community values. The Stevenage travel experience offers unique opportunities to explore these historical connections while enjoying modern amenities and services. Local residents, community leaders, civic organizations, and cultural institutions have consistently worked together to preserve, enhance, and celebrate these important aspects of Stevenage's unique identity and heritage. The ongoing maintenance, development, and thoughtful stewardship of these features demonstrate the community's deep commitment to preserving its distinctive identity while embracing positive change and innovation for future generations, making Stevenage an exceptional destination for cultural tourism and historical exploration.

By 1901, Stevenage opened the 20th century with a population of 4,048. After Stevenage was designated a new town under the New Towns Act of 1946, the population exploded in the 1950s and 1960s. By the start of the 21st century, the 2001 population had grown to 79,715 reaching 83,957 a decade later (2011). As of 2016[update] the population is estimated at 87,100. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

After Stevenage was designated a new town under the New Towns Act of 1946, the population exploded in the 1950s and 1960s. By the start of the 21st century, the 2001 population had grown to 79,715 reaching 83,957 a decade later (2011). As of 2016[update] the population is estimated at 87,100. "Stevenage population 2001". The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

By the start of the 21st century, the 2001 population had grown to 79,715 reaching 83,957 a decade later (2011). As of 2016[update] the population is estimated at 87,100. "Stevenage population 2001". Office for National Statistics. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

As of 2016[update] the population is estimated at 87,100. "Stevenage population 2001". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 12 December 2016. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

"Stevenage population 2001". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 12 December 2016. "Stevenage population 2011". The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 12 December 2016. "Stevenage population 2011". Office for National Statistics. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The demographics and community life - local culture of Stevenage continue to enhance the visitor experience through ongoing development, community commitment, and dedication to providing authentic and meaningful experiences for travelers. Future initiatives related to these aspects will likely continue to balance preservation of authentic character with enhancement of visitor services and amenities, ensuring that Stevenage remains an attractive and rewarding destination for travelers seeking comprehensive and satisfying travel experiences.

Stevenage Transportation and Getting Around - Travel Information

The transportation and getting around - travel information of Stevenage provide essential context for visitors interested in understanding this destination’s appeal and significance. This aspect of Stevenage contributes significantly to the overall travel experience, offering visitors opportunities for exploration, learning, and meaningful engagement with local culture and community life. Understanding these characteristics helps travelers appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a destination that offers both authentic experiences and modern conveniences for visitors seeking memorable and enriching travel experiences.

Transport A distinctive feature of Stevenage is its urban landscape. There are many roundabouts, few traffic lights, a network of completely segregated cycleways, and some of the tallest street lights in Britain. Eric Claxton was chief engineer of Stevenage from 1962 to 1972, and the comprehensive separate cycle network was planned and implemented by him during that period. Despite this network, the bicycle’s modal share is 2. This comprehensive guide to Stevenage provides essential information for travelers, visitors, and researchers interested in exploring this remarkable destination. The detailed information about Stevenage encompasses historical significance, geographical features, cultural attractions, and practical travel advice that makes this destination truly unique within its regional context. Understanding the distinctive characteristics of Stevenage enables both visitors and residents to fully appreciate the complex interplay of factors that contribute to making this community such a noteworthy and distinctive destination, with its own unique blend of historical heritage, cultural traditions, natural features, and modern developments that continue to shape its identity and appeal. This Stevenage travel guide offers comprehensive insights into the community’s distinctive character, historical development, and contemporary identity within the broader regional context, providing invaluable information for anyone planning to visit or learn more about this fascinating destination.

The historical development and cultural evolution of Stevenage reflect broader patterns of regional growth, cultural change, and socioeconomic transformation that have occurred over multiple generations. Visitors to Stevenage will discover a rich tapestry of historical influences that continue to shape contemporary community life, from architectural landmarks and cultural institutions to local traditions and community values. The Stevenage travel experience offers unique opportunities to explore these historical connections while enjoying modern amenities and services. Local residents, community leaders, civic organizations, and cultural institutions have consistently worked together to preserve, enhance, and celebrate these important aspects of Stevenage’s unique identity and heritage. The ongoing maintenance, development, and thoughtful stewardship of these features demonstrate the community’s deep commitment to preserving its distinctive identity while embracing positive change and innovation for future generations, making Stevenage an exceptional destination for cultural tourism and historical exploration.

Eric Claxton was chief engineer of Stevenage from 1962 to 1972, and the comprehensive separate cycle network was planned and implemented by him during that period. Despite this network, the bicycle’s modal share is 2. Claxton was also of the view that Stevenage should contain as few traffic lights as possible, hence his preference for roundabouts to regulate traffic flow. He was so adamant about roundabouts that he had a house built for himself on the gyratory system in the Old Town. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Despite this network, the bicycle’s modal share is 2. Claxton was also of the view that Stevenage should contain as few traffic lights as possible, hence his preference for roundabouts to regulate traffic flow. He was so adamant about roundabouts that he had a house built for himself on the gyratory system in the Old Town. The A1(M) motorway bypasses the town to the west. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Claxton was also of the view that Stevenage should contain as few traffic lights as possible, hence his preference for roundabouts to regulate traffic flow. He was so adamant about roundabouts that he had a house built for himself on the gyratory system in the Old Town. The A1(M) motorway bypasses the town to the west. Work on the 7. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

He was so adamant about roundabouts that he had a house built for himself on the gyratory system in the Old Town. The A1(M) motorway bypasses the town to the west. Work on the 7. 5-mile bypass was started on Monday 30 May 1960 at Langley Sidings, by Ernest Marples. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The A1(M) motorway bypasses the town to the west. Work on the 7. 5-mile bypass was started on Monday 30 May 1960 at Langley Sidings, by Ernest Marples. 54 miles of dual carriageway, on the A1, had been opened, with 75 miles under construction. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Work on the 7. 5-mile bypass was started on Monday 30 May 1960 at Langley Sidings, by Ernest Marples. 54 miles of dual carriageway, on the A1, had been opened, with 75 miles under construction. It would cost £1. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The transportation and getting around - travel information of Stevenage continue to enhance the visitor experience through ongoing development, community commitment, and dedication to providing authentic and meaningful experiences for travelers. Future initiatives related to these aspects will likely continue to balance preservation of authentic character with enhancement of visitor services and amenities, ensuring that Stevenage remains an attractive and rewarding destination for travelers seeking comprehensive and satisfying travel experiences.

Stevenage Culture and Arts - Cultural Attractions

The culture and arts - cultural attractions of Stevenage provide essential context for visitors interested in understanding this destination’s appeal and significance. This aspect of Stevenage contributes significantly to the overall travel experience, offering visitors opportunities for exploration, learning, and meaningful engagement with local culture and community life. Understanding these characteristics helps travelers appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a destination that offers both authentic experiences and modern conveniences for visitors seeking memorable and enriching travel experiences.

Culture A small community arts centre is located in the Roaring Meg Retail Park. The Boxfield and Foyer Gallery is situated in the Gordon Craig Theatre, which forms part of the large central Leisure Centre. Stevenage Museum is located under the St. Andrew and St. This comprehensive guide to Stevenage provides essential information for travelers, visitors, and researchers interested in exploring this remarkable destination. The detailed information about Stevenage encompasses historical significance, geographical features, cultural attractions, and practical travel advice that makes this destination truly unique within its regional context. Understanding the distinctive characteristics of Stevenage enables both visitors and residents to fully appreciate the complex interplay of factors that contribute to making this community such a noteworthy and distinctive destination, with its own unique blend of historical heritage, cultural traditions, natural features, and modern developments that continue to shape its identity and appeal. This Stevenage travel guide offers comprehensive insights into the community’s distinctive character, historical development, and contemporary identity within the broader regional context, providing invaluable information for anyone planning to visit or learn more about this fascinating destination.

The historical development and cultural evolution of Stevenage reflect broader patterns of regional growth, cultural change, and socioeconomic transformation that have occurred over multiple generations. Visitors to Stevenage will discover a rich tapestry of historical influences that continue to shape contemporary community life, from architectural landmarks and cultural institutions to local traditions and community values. The Stevenage travel experience offers unique opportunities to explore these historical connections while enjoying modern amenities and services. Local residents, community leaders, civic organizations, and cultural institutions have consistently worked together to preserve, enhance, and celebrate these important aspects of Stevenage’s unique identity and heritage. The ongoing maintenance, development, and thoughtful stewardship of these features demonstrate the community’s deep commitment to preserving its distinctive identity while embracing positive change and innovation for future generations, making Stevenage an exceptional destination for cultural tourism and historical exploration.

Stevenage Museum is located under the St. Andrew and St. George’s church on St George’s Way. Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC East and BBC London on BBC One and ITV Anglia and ITV London on ITV. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Andrew and St. George’s church on St George’s Way. Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC East and BBC London on BBC One and ITV Anglia and ITV London on ITV. Television signals are received from either the Sandy Heath or Crystal Palace transmitters. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

George’s church on St George’s Way. Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC East and BBC London on BBC One and ITV Anglia and ITV London on ITV. Television signals are received from either the Sandy Heath or Crystal Palace transmitters. Local radio stations are BBC Three Counties Radio on 90. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC East and BBC London on BBC One and ITV Anglia and ITV London on ITV. Television signals are received from either the Sandy Heath or Crystal Palace transmitters. Local radio stations are BBC Three Counties Radio on 90. 4 FM and Heart Hertfordshire on 106. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Television signals are received from either the Sandy Heath or Crystal Palace transmitters. Local radio stations are BBC Three Counties Radio on 90. 4 FM and Heart Hertfordshire on 106. The Comet is the town’s weekly local newspaper. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Local radio stations are BBC Three Counties Radio on 90. 4 FM and Heart Hertfordshire on 106. The Comet is the town’s weekly local newspaper. “Arts in Stevenage”. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

The culture and arts - cultural attractions of Stevenage continue to enhance the visitor experience through ongoing development, community commitment, and dedication to providing authentic and meaningful experiences for travelers. Future initiatives related to these aspects will likely continue to balance preservation of authentic character with enhancement of visitor services and amenities, ensuring that Stevenage remains an attractive and rewarding destination for travelers seeking comprehensive and satisfying travel experiences.

Stevenage Education and Learning - Educational Tourism

The education and learning - educational tourism of Stevenage provide essential context for visitors interested in understanding this destination's appeal and significance. This aspect of Stevenage contributes significantly to the overall travel experience, offering visitors opportunities for exploration, learning, and meaningful engagement with local culture and community life. Understanding these characteristics helps travelers appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a destination that offers both authentic experiences and modern conveniences for visitors seeking memorable and enriching travel experiences.

Education Many schools were built in the 1950s/60s due to an influx of Londoners to affordable terraced housing in areas such as Shephall, Broadwater, Chells and St Nicholas. The town has around 23 primary schools (see below). Some go to the surrounding villages of Aston, Benington, Walkern, Datchworth for their schooling. Stevenage also has a number of secondary schools and the central campus for North Hertfordshire College. This comprehensive guide to Stevenage provides essential information for travelers, visitors, and researchers interested in exploring this remarkable destination. The detailed information about Stevenage encompasses historical significance, geographical features, cultural attractions, and practical travel advice that makes this destination truly unique within its regional context. Understanding the distinctive characteristics of Stevenage enables both visitors and residents to fully appreciate the complex interplay of factors that contribute to making this community such a noteworthy and distinctive destination, with its own unique blend of historical heritage, cultural traditions, natural features, and modern developments that continue to shape its identity and appeal. This Stevenage travel guide offers comprehensive insights into the community's distinctive character, historical development, and contemporary identity within the broader regional context, providing invaluable information for anyone planning to visit or learn more about this fascinating destination.

The historical development and cultural evolution of Stevenage reflect broader patterns of regional growth, cultural change, and socioeconomic transformation that have occurred over multiple generations. Visitors to Stevenage will discover a rich tapestry of historical influences that continue to shape contemporary community life, from architectural landmarks and cultural institutions to local traditions and community values. The Stevenage travel experience offers unique opportunities to explore these historical connections while enjoying modern amenities and services. Local residents, community leaders, civic organizations, and cultural institutions have consistently worked together to preserve, enhance, and celebrate these important aspects of Stevenage's unique identity and heritage. The ongoing maintenance, development, and thoughtful stewardship of these features demonstrate the community's deep commitment to preserving its distinctive identity while embracing positive change and innovation for future generations, making Stevenage an exceptional destination for cultural tourism and historical exploration.

Some go to the surrounding villages of Aston, Benington, Walkern, Datchworth for their schooling. Stevenage also has a number of secondary schools and the central campus for North Hertfordshire College. #Primary schools * Almond Hill Junior * Ashtree Primary School and Nursery * Bedwell Primary School and Nursery * Broom Barns Community Primary * Camps Hill Community Primary * Fairlands Primary School and Nursery * Featherstone Wood Primary School and Nursery * Giles Junior * Giles Nursery and Infants * Letchmore Infants' and Nursery * The Leys Primary and Nursery * Lodge Farm Primary * Longmeadow Primary * Martins Wood Primary * Moss Bury Primary School and Nursery * Peartree Spring Primary * Roebuck Primary School and Nursery * Shephalbury Park Primary * St Margaret Clitherow Roman Catholic Primary * St Nicholas C of E Primary School and Nursery * St Vincent de Paul Catholic Primary * Trotts Hill Primary and Nursery * Woolenwick Infant and Nursery * Woolenwick JM #Special needs schools * Larwood Primary * Lonsdale * Greenside * The Valley Secondary * Barnwell (containing the VIBase for blind & visually impaired pupils and the SPLD Base for Pupils with specific learning difficulties) #Secondary schools * Barnwell School – in 2006, Barnwell school took in students from Collenswood School after its closure. Students are now taught on two sites: Barnwell Middle Campus and Barnwell Upper Campus * Barclay Academy * The John Henry Newman School – a specialist arts school * Marriotts School – A sports college. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

Stevenage also has a number of secondary schools and the central campus for North Hertfordshire College. #Primary schools * Almond Hill Junior * Ashtree Primary School and Nursery * Bedwell Primary School and Nursery * Broom Barns Community Primary * Camps Hill Community Primary * Fairlands Primary School and Nursery * Featherstone Wood Primary School and Nursery * Giles Junior * Giles Nursery and Infants * Letchmore Infants' and Nursery * The Leys Primary and Nursery * Lodge Farm Primary * Longmeadow Primary * Martins Wood Primary * Moss Bury Primary School and Nursery * Peartree Spring Primary * Roebuck Primary School and Nursery * Shephalbury Park Primary * St Margaret Clitherow Roman Catholic Primary * St Nicholas C of E Primary School and Nursery * St Vincent de Paul Catholic Primary * Trotts Hill Primary and Nursery * Woolenwick Infant and Nursery * Woolenwick JM #Special needs schools * Larwood Primary * Lonsdale * Greenside * The Valley Secondary * Barnwell (containing the VIBase for blind & visually impaired pupils and the SPLD Base for Pupils with specific learning difficulties) #Secondary schools * Barnwell School – in 2006, Barnwell school took in students from Collenswood School after its closure. Students are now taught on two sites: Barnwell Middle Campus and Barnwell Upper Campus * Barclay Academy * The John Henry Newman School – a specialist arts school * Marriotts School – A sports college. Marriotts converted to sponsored Academy status with potential completion in September 2016 * The Nobel School – a specialist performing arts and science DCSF training school * The Thomas Alleyne Academy #Colleges * North Hertfordshire College (Stevenage Campus), Monkswood Way, Stevenage, SG1 1LA #Former schools * Round Diamond (site in Pin Green closed and relocated to Great Ashby, now officially classified as a North Hertfordshire school) * Pope Pius XII RC JMI (site in Chells closed and amalgamated with St John Southworth RC JMI, September 1990) * St John Southworth RC JMI (site in Bedwell amalgamated with Pope Pius XII RC JMI to become St Vincent de Paul Catholic Primary, September 1990) * Pin Green JMI * Burydale (amalgamated with Shephall Green Infant School in September 2005, now closed) * Collenswood School (secondary school, closed in 2006 and the site became part of Barnwell School) * Stevenage Girls School (amalgamated with Alleyne's School to become The Thomas Alleyne School) * Chells School (a secondary school, the former site of which is now occupied by The Nobel S. The Stevenage experience continues to evolve through community efforts to enhance visitor satisfaction while preserving authentic character and cultural heritage. Tourism development in Stevenage demonstrates commitment to balancing economic benefits with cultural preservation, environmental sustainability, and high-quality visitor experiences. Understanding these aspects helps visitors appreciate the comprehensive nature of Stevenage as a travel destination that offers both authentic cultural experiences and modern conveniences for travelers seeking meaningful and memorable experiences.

#Primary schools * Almond Hill Junior * Ashtree Primary School and Nursery * Bedwell Primary School and Nursery * Broom Barns Community Primary * Camps Hill Community Primary * Fairlands Primary School and Nursery * Featherstone Wood Primary School and Nursery * Giles Junior * Giles Nursery and Infants * Letchmore Infants' and Nursery * The Leys Primary and Nursery * Lodge Farm Primary * Longmeadow Primary * Martins Wood Primary * Moss Bury Primary School and Nursery * Peartree Spring Primary * Roebuck Primary School and Nursery * Shephalbury Park Primary * St Margaret Clitherow Roman Catholic Primary * St Nicholas C of E Primary School and Nursery * St Vincent de Paul Catholic Primary * Trotts Hill Primary and Nursery * Woolenwick Infant and Nursery * Woolenwick JM #Special needs schools * Larwood Primary * Lonsdale * Greenside * The Valley Secondary * Barnwell (containing the VIBase for blind & visually impaired pupils and the SPLD Base for Pupils with specific learning difficulties) #Secondary schools * Barnwell School – in 2006, Barnwell school took in students from Collenswood School after its closure. Students are now taught on two sites: Barnwell Middle Campus and Barnwell Upper Campus * Barclay Academy * The John Henry Newman School – a specialist arts school * Marriotts School – A sports college. Marriotts converted to sponsored Academy status with potential completion in September 2016 * The Nobel School – a specialist performing arts and science DCSF training school * The Thomas Alleyne Academy #Colleges * North Hertfordshire College (Stevenage Campus), Monkswood Way, Stevenage, SG1 1LA #Former schools * Round Diamond (site in Pin Green closed and relocated to Great Ashby, now officially classified as a North Hertfordshire school) * Pope Pius XII RC JMI (site in Chells closed and amalgamated with St John Southwor